Interstitial microdeposits of congophilic substances in cases without systemic amyloidosis were described. They were found in the sternoclavicular joint, intervertebral disc, heart valve, pleura, thrombotic vessel, and gouty nodule. All congophilic substances exhibited green bire fringence under polarized light and showed reactions similar to those of amyloid in secondary systemic amyloidosis with conventional histochemical methods for demonstrating amyloid. Ultrastructurally, congophilic foci in the sternoclavicular joint and heart valve showed fibrillar structure and granular material. Interstitial microdeposits of congophilic substances were classified as ”localized deposition of amyloid” and were designated as dystrophic or age-dependent amyloid. The unlabeled antibody peroxidase-antiperoxidase method showed that dystrophic or age-dependent amyloid reacted neither to anti-AL antiserum nor to anti-AA antiserum. Some precursor proteins were considered to be transformed into amyloid fibril under certain local conditions.