The cellular immune status of patients with cancer of the uterine cervix was investigated by estimating lymphocyte response to phytohemagglutinine. The isolated lymphocyte culture of cancer patients did not show depressed proliferative response. On the other hand, the whole blood culture of even patients with early stages showed an apparently depressed response and the clinical stages coincided with the degree of the response. When the plasma components were replaced by medium in the blood from patients with cervical cancer, the responses to the agglutinin of lymphocytes increased, suggesting that the autologous serum in the whole blood culture might play a role in reducing the proliferative responses of lymphocytes.