Immunoglobulin G1 allotypes in intravenous immunoglobulin non-responders of kawasaki disease patients

The standard therapy for Kawasaki disease (KD) consists of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment. However, at least 10％ of KD patients fail to exhibit defervescence with initial IVIG therapy, and they are defined as IVIG non-responders. We investigated the prevalence of certain GM allotypes in IVIG responder and non-responder KD patients. Sera obtained from 83 KD patients and 34 controls were tested for G1M(1), G1M(2), G1M(3), and G1M(17) by using the standard agglutinationinhibition method. All the patients were treated with IVIG, and 14 patients were identified as IVIG non-responders. All samples tested were positive for the G1M(1) and G1M(17). With regard to G1M(2), 8 of 14 (57.1％) IVIG non-responders, 19 of 69 (27.5％) IVIG responders, and 7 of 34 (20.6％) controls tested were positive for this allotype. G1M(3) was detected in 9 (13％) responders, 3 (21.4％) non-responders. A significant difference in the G1M(2) distribution was noted between the non-responders and controls (p ＝ 0.019). The G1M(2) was found to be significantly associated with the IVIG non-responders after adjustments for age, sex, and each allotype (odds ratio, 3.59

Kawasaki disease

intravenous immunoglobulin

G1M allotype

IVIG non-responder