Measurement of serum fructosamine is a new method for the quantification of glycated serum proteins. We examined the clinical application of measuring serum fructosamine as an index of glycemic control in diabetic patients. Serum fructosamine had good correlation with mean fasting plasma glucose obtained 0-3 weeks before the fructosamine measurement and had best correlation with that obtained 1 week before the measurement (r=0.531, p<0.001). Correlations with mean fasting plasma glucose obtained 4 week before the measurement (r=0.407, p<0.1) or hemoglobin A1 at the nearly same sampling time (r=0.306, p<0.2)were not significant. The patients tested were divided into 4 groups according to diabetic control evaluted from mean fasting plasma glucose obtained 1week before the fructosamine measurement