In vitro responses of human thymocytes to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), sheep red blood cells (SRBCs), anti-human thymus serum (AHTS) and their mutual correlation were evaluated. The PHA response of thymocytes was markedly depressed as compared with that of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), while their SRBC rosette formation and AHTS cytotoxicity were more marked than those of PBL. The PHA response of PBL was not inhibited in the presence of AHTS, but it was considerably depressd by the combination of AHTS and guinea pig serum (complement). The SRBC rosette formation nor AHTS cytotoxicity of thymocytes was disturbed by PHA. These results suggest that the AHTS binding antigen and the SRBC receptor are linked on the cell membrane of human thymocytes and PBL, but they are independent from the PHA receptor.