Serum levels of Interleukin (IL)-1 (α,β), 2 and 6 were determined in 5 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 5 age-and sex-matched control subjects. We measured these cytokines with the use of recombinant IL-1 (α,β), 2 and 6. Serum levels of IL-1 (α,β), 2 and 6were respectively lower than 7.80 pg/ml, 0.02ng/ml, l.0IU/ml and 40.0pg/ml in all 10 cases, and did not differ significantly between Alzheimer patients and controls. Furthermore, each values of IL-1 (α,β), 2 and 6 in the AD and control groups was lower than the smallest measurable values by the test method. At least, so severe immunological reactions as to show the remarkable abnormalities in the serum levels of IL-1 (α,β), 2 and 6 were not considered to exist in patients with Alzheimer's disease.