Turbulence structure near water surface induced by bubble plume

Eckenfelder pointed out that an air-water gas transfer coefficient for air bubbles rising through a column of water was proportional to 2/3 power of water depth. To investigate this mechanism, turbulent flows induced by air bubble plume were measured by using Laser Doppler Velocimeter. The main results obtained in this study are as follows: (1) Both the horizontal and vertical turbulent intensities are nearly constant in the vertical direction in the bubble plume. (2) Both the horizontal and vertical turbulent intensities are enhanced near the water surface out of the bubble plume. (3) The magnitudes of the vertical turbulent intensities near the water surface are proportional to the aeration water surface out of the bubble plume.

the gas transfer coefficient

water surface

bubble plume

turbulent flow

Eckenfelder's equaqtion