By means of the 2-deoxy-D-[^<14>C]glicose autoradiographic technique, the central nervous structures invovled in the autonomic thermoregulation or the behavioral thermoregulation were investigated in conscious and unrestrained rats. According to autoradiographs, many brain regions with significant increase or decrease in [^<14>C]deoxyglucose incorporation were observed. The rat brain regions that significantly changed metabolic activity are thought to compose the structural and functional conponent in the thermoregulatory system. This technique provided us not only with novel information that may complement existing konwledge but also with new information on the central mechanisms underlying thermoregulation, both autonomic and behavioral.