Resolution of the Tool Force Vector in Turning

Chip control is one of the major problems in turning operation. The tool force as a vector includes much information about the direction of chip flow and the condition of chip formation. From the above point of view, the behavior of the tool force is discussed. It is found that the nonlinearity in the increase of the tool force with feed is mainly due to the cutting action at the corner and that the power spectrum of the fluctuation in the tool force reproduces well the chip breaking condition in operation. An equation is also proposed which governs the behavior of the tool force.