Journal of East Asian studies

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Journal of East Asian studies Volume 18
published_at 2020-03

Consideration on the way of elementary education in China : curriculum formation and composition of elementary school as a clue

中国義務教育段階における素質教育(資質教育)に関する一考察 : 小学校のカリキュラム編成・構成、実施を手がかりに
Jin Haiyan
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本稿は中国遼寧省における都市部と農村部の小学校カリキュラム構成の実態に着目し、素質教育の在り方について再考するものである。本稿は、カリキュラム改革以降新たに増設された科目（科学、総合実践活動、地方課程と校本課程）に焦点を当て、アンケート調査と現場教員へのインタビューの結果に基づき、実証的検討を行うことに独創性をもつ。調査先の20の小学校におけるカリキュラム編成・構成と実施実態を点検した結果、先行研究ですでに触れた中国のカリキュラム編成科目が多すぎること、非受験科目より受験科目がより重要視されていること、カリキュラムに対する学校や教師の認識が不足していることなどの課題が依然として存在し、今日においても克服されていない実態が判明したほか、義務教育の現場において、カリキュラムの編成基準に従い時間割が編成されたとしても、実施していない小学校があることが確認できた。本論文は、諸問題の要因分析をしたうえ、今後質の高い素質教育の実現へ向けて三つの提案を試みている。
Creator Keywords
素質教育
カリキュラム編成・構成
カリキュラム実施
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