The phrase ”sensitivity to musical beauty” has been introduced in the new Course of Study for Elementary and Secondary Schools. It seems to be intended to encourage a music learning in which children are actively and creatively engaged in music making using their own sense of music. This learning method of music, which is called ”Creative Music Learning” and attaches great importance to the child's own creativity, has become internationally widespread over the past 40 years. In Japan, especially recently, the method has been receiving a great deal of attention, induced mainly by the translation of Sound and Silence by John Paynter and Peter Aston. It therefore seems to be of much importance to trace back the history of this method, and in this paper we study the views presented by Carl Orff and R. Murray Schafer.