Artefacts Appearing at the Crossing Pointson the Lines of Reactants in the Crossing Electrophoresis

When one substance is applied on a line parallel to the electrical field and the other substance on a line perpendicular to it, the line of the latter may be grooved at the crossing point by the electrophoresis, if they reacted each other. Thus the formation of the groove can be used as a criterion to detect whether two reactants react or not. (Principle of crossing electrophoresis.) Artificial groovings in the line of a substance were theoretically predicted to be duw to hugh viscosity, high ionic strength, and/or large difference in pH of the solution of the other reactant from those of the buffer solution used for wlwctrophoresis. Artefacts due to mechanical damage of the filter paper and those dueto adsorption of protein were also shown to occur. Discussions were presented on the prerequisites for avoiding the formation of artificial grooves in the line of reactant, due to the above causes, and the use of appropriate contrals was recommended.