Studies on the Changes of Crossing Diagrams of Human Sera in Diseases against Concanavalin A

Two-dimensional crossing paper elactrophoresis of human blood serum against concanavalin A of jack bean was carried out, to obtain ”crossing diagram” of serum. Sera of 161 patients and of 40 healthy normal adults were studied. Human serum, except in some diseaases, showed ”crossing diagram” consisting of three peaks, which correspond to three globukins, α1-, α2- and β-globukins. The peaks were formed due to the precipitation reaction between concanavalin A and serum proteins. Sera of 59 patients showed crossing diagrams which can not be distinguished from those of normal serum. On the other hand, sera of 102 patients dhowed evidently different crossing diagrams from that of normal. Sera of 5 patients showed crossing diagrams with an unusual peak besides the three. Specific correlation between types of crossing diagrams and the diseases was hardly observed, except the appearance of the 4th peak in multiple myeloma and the rise of α2-peak in nephrosis. In most cases the relative concentrations of α1-, α2-, and β-globukins determined by the usual paper electrophoresis were related to the changes in crossing diagrams, but in some cases not.