The scientific techniques for rice cultivation have been established with the agricultural experiments in the government experiment stations since the end of last century. Before that period, there were various techniques which remained almost unchanged from ancient times and some new techniques devised by skilled farmers. In order to improve the rice cultivation, the government made many efforts to select these techniques and to extend them to the farmers. For these purposes, the government held many meetings of skilled farmers and put in practice several large-scale censuses. Some interesting documents about them which remained in Oosima-gun are described in this paper.