departmental bulletin paper

　山口大学の学生相談所は，全国の大学で2番目に古く設置された学生相談所である。その学生相談所の変革と沿革，業務，運営と人事，活動，今後の方向性について述べた。 　その歴史的な発展と変化，特に保健管理センターと異なって，広い相談の受け皿となる機能を持つこと，活動面では時代的な変化があり，その運営と人事面でも時代に対応した大きな変革があり，現在では複雑化する若者の心理に対応した機関として，他の専門機関とも連携して発展していることにも触れている。

学生相談所は，学生の福利厚生を高める点では，大学において重要な位置を占める。特に保護者からの学生支援への要望が高まるにつれ，その存在価値は高くなろう。本論文では，そのような状況下において，学生相談所が今後対処すべき課題をいくつかあげる。特に教員との連携，保護者への対応，発達障害を抱える学生の問題，自殺への対応について，それらの問題点を明らかにし，対応についても提案して論考したい。

This paper examines Jane Austen’s use of the words, amiable , sad , and condescension , to see how she creates and develops the characters in the novel. This also contributes to the philological study of the English language, especially in considering Vocabulary of Late Modern English. There is a way of thinking that once a text leaves the author’s hands, a reader can deconstruct a text and create his or her interpretation, in this paper, however, my interest lies in the language in Jane Austen’s day. I consider what the writer meant by the words in using them in the social context in the time of Late Modern English. The meaning and the significance of the word in the text largely depends on the context. We do not find many examples of condescension in her novels, but fewer is not insignificant. The word has something to do with the difference in social status among characters and the superior’s dignity. At the time the word is in a state of change of its sematic prosody, from positive meaning to negative meaning.

Characterization of the blue protein in the shell pattern of Japanese littleneck clam (Ruditapes philippinarum ) was performed by purification using anion-exchange chromatography, amino acid analysis, molecular weight measurements, quantification of ferric ions, etc. Blue colored two components were found by anion exchange chromatography. The blue colored shell protein and the colorless mantle protein were found to be homologous to each other in amino acid composition; they are acidic proteins rich in aspartic acid and glutamic acid and that the isoelectric point of the blue protein was estimated as pI =3.96. The secondary structures of the blue protein were estimated as α-helix (28.6%), β-sheet (20.1%), and random coil (51.3%). From combination of molecular weight measurements and quantification of ferric ions, it was found that the blue protein is formed as trimer or tetramer from the monomer proteins of about 10 kDa by complexing with ferric ion. It was also found that there are two kinds of ferric ion existing states and that reducing agents decompose the blue colored trimer or tetramer into dimer or smaller units accompanying decolorization.

Microscopic observation is one of the most basic and important skills for experiments in biology classes from compulsory education through to higher education. Microscopic observation in biology can help us better understand the microstructures of organisms and convey notions of beauty and fascination regarding the detailed nature of the microworld, which we cannot observe through our unaided eyes. However, many lab classes were postponed for the summer break because it was difficult for the faculty to conduct lab classes using equipment such as microscopes for non-face-toface learning at the university in the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. Under this situation, we planned that students do the experiment at home using handmade microscope. Students could make a simple Leeuwenhoek microscope very easily and use to understand the principle of the microscope. A non-face-to-face class required students to take the initiative in learning, which led to a better understanding of the principles of microscopy. Hence, the future integration of this nonface-to-face learning using a handmade microscope into an existing face-to-face lab class will be very useful for the teaching of science, especially biology, at many schools by science teachers and researchers.

A tide –generating force has two dynamic properties. One of them is a property as a vector with magnitude and direction, the other is a periodicity of force acting with a cycle of about 12 hours. If the tide-generating force is a periodic external force, the tides must be a kind of forced oscillation phenomena. Three proposals regarding the origin of tides will be suggested in this article. (1) The ocean tides can be divided into three types by the depth. They are ‘out of phase’ type (shallower than 22,000m), ‘in phase’ type (deeper than 22,000m) and ‘resonance’ type (equal to 22,000m). The actual ocean tides are classified into the ‘out of phase’ type. On the other hand, the Earth tides occurring on the solid Earth are classified into the ‘in phase’ type. (2) Dynamic movement pictures of each type of tides have been determined. Unlike the widely accepted explanation, the global form of the ocean surface repeats an oval and a circle in turn according to the Moon’s position. As a result, the tidal movements of the ocean will occur in fixed four areas with an angular distance of 90 degrees apart along the equator, and four spots escaping any tidal movements will appear between them. (3) A new concept of ‘tide burst’ is deduced and its scientific meanings are discussed. Judging from the delay of Earth’s rotation period, the tide burst will happen in the ocean about 4.5 billion years from the present.

ラオスでは、土地・森林政策の一環として、村落の中に住民が共同で利用できる、村落共有林を法的に認可している。本論文では、宇沢弘文氏が提唱した「社会的共通資本」理論の視座から、その村落共有林が土地・森林政策に果たす役割について分析を行いたい。

As one of the first British diplomats to be posted to Japan, Sir Ernest Satow (1843~1929) became a firsthand observer of the political situation in the country in the years immediately preceding the Meiji Restoration of 1868. Throughout his first posting in Japan (September 1862~February 1869) Satow kept a journal in which he recorded his experiences. Satow later edited this journal for publication as A Diplomat in Japan (henceforth, Diplomat ) published in 1921, many years after the events of the 1860s. The subtitle for the first edition of Diplomat was, ‘The inner history of the critical years in the evolution of Japan when the ports were opened and the monarchy restored, recorded by a diplomatist who took an active part in the events of the time, with an account of his personal experiences during that period.’ This study is an examination of Satow’s ‘personal experiences during that period’ relating to what he ate and drank, and the culinary hospitality he received. This paper will then briefly discuss what can be inferred about the eating habits of Westerners in bakumatsu Japan based on the evidence of Diplomat .

Taiwan is not a party to the Paris Agreement, but the impact of climate change on Taiwan is enough to be one. The Government of Taiwan has set a target of adjusting the power mix to 50% natural gas-fired, 30% coal-fired and 20% renewable energy by 2025, increasing the proportion of relatively low carbon emissions and renewable energy, and aiming to reduce GHG emissions as a climate change policy. One of the key aspects of Taiwan’s energy policy is to phase-out nuclear power generation by 2025, and to increase the share of renewable energy in the power supply configuration and reduce the use of coal-fired power. The phase-out of nuclear power plants was initially faster than the expansion of renewable energy, reducing CO2 emissions from electricity production as needed to a small amount. Nevertheless, since 2016, Taiwan has been evaluating the “energy transition” derived from Germany and is trying to decentralize its power supply using conventional large-scale, inflexible power generation systems. 　With regard to coal-fired power plants, Taiwan will accelerate the improvement of air pollution facilities at existing coal-fired power plants and implement utilization management measures in order to match air quality. Gas-fired and green energy power supplies will be the mainstays of power supply, which is the power stabilization target, in order to maintain 15% of the supply reserve rate. The government needs to plan supply-side measures and implement various tasks to save energy and reduce carbon emission in order to reduce electricity demand. To build clean energy systems and healthy living conditions, to promote the development of new green energy industries, to promote green employment, realize the spirit of energy empowerment, promote energy democracy and justice. Going forward, the focus will be on overall system integration, where all power supplies can ensure a sufficient level of revenue. In this study, we will consider Taiwan’s climate change and energy policy since the Paris Agreement, and summarize the current situation and issues.

We will discuss why Japan succeeded after the Meiji Restoration and why she has been stagnated since 1990s, and propose the conditions for the revitalization of the Japanese economy based on M.E. Porter’s factor condition and Michio Morishima’s view of population history. Michio Morishima maintains that the quantity and quality of population is the foundation of economy and society. This paper focus on values which is one of the qualitative aspects of human beings.

In 2020, global phenomena such as unprecedented scale forest fires, storms, melting glaciers, and dramatic declines in northern polar glaciers are very likely to be caused by climate change. By the middle of this century, it is becoming clear that it is not enough for Germany’s greenhouse gas emissions to be cut by 80％ compared to 1990 levels. In December 2015, to meet the climate targets agreed in the Paris agreement, stricter cuts from Germany are required, limiting global temperature rises to an average of 2 ℃（better 1.5 ℃） compared to pre-industrial levels. With regard to the transition of Germany’s energy systems, this paper begins with a comprehensive model of the Germany power and thermal sector in future energy systems with a major contribution to renewable energy technologies. Based on REMod-D （Renewable Energy Model - Germany）, the basic structure is summarized briefly. Then, we introduce some of the simulation results by REMod-D models by Philip et al. （2020）. The aim is to assess the energy transition and the possibility of climate-neutral systems in Germany.

Due to the COVID-19, many countries including Japan have reinforced regulations at the borders. As many international students could not enter Japan due to the COVID-19 pandemic, some universities offered online education services as an alternate. On the other hand, since April 2020, many of international student livening in Japan have not been able to go back to their countries.