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Open source software (OSS) are adopted as embedded systems, server usage, and so on because of quick delivery, cost reduction, and standardization of systems. Therefore, OSS is often used not only for the personal use but also for the commercial use. Many OSS have been developed under the peculiar development style known as the bazaar method. According to this method, many faults are detected and fixed by developers around the world, and the fixed result will be reflected in the next release. Also, many OSS are developed and managed by using the fault big data recorded on the bug tracking systems. Then, many OSS are developed and maintained by several developers with many OSS users. According to the results of the 2022 Open Source Security and Risk Analysis (OSSRA), OSS is an essential part of proprietary software, e.g., the source code containing OSS is 97%, all source code using OSS is 78%. On the other hand, OSS has issues from various perspectives. Therefore, OSS users need to decide on whether they should use OSS with consideration of each issue. In addition, the managers of open source projects need to manage their projects appropriately because OSS has a large impact on software around the world. This thesis focuses on the following three issues among many ones. We examine a method for OSS users and open source project managers to evaluate the stability of open source projects. 1. Selection evaluation and licensing: Methods for OSS users to make selections from the many OSS available situation, 2. Vulnerability support: Predicted fault fix priority for the reported OSS, 3. Maintenance and quality assurance: Prediction of appropriate OSS version upgrade timing, considering the development effort required after OSS upgrade by OSS users. In “1. Selection evaluation and licensing,” we attempt to derive the OSS-oriented EVM by applying the earned value management (EVM) to several open source projects. The EVM is one of the project management methodologies for measuring the project performance and progress. In order to derive the OSS-oriented EVM, we apply the stochastic models based on software reliability growth model (SRGM) considering the uncertainty for the development environment in open source projects. We also improve the method of deriving effort in open source projects. In case of applying the existing method of deriving effort in open source projects, it is not possible to derive some indices in the OSS-oriented EVM. Thus, we resolve this issue. The derived OSSoriented EVM helps OSS users and open source project managers to evaluate the stability of their current projects. It is an important to use the decision-making tool regarding their decisions and projects of OSS. From a different perspective, we also evaluate the stability of the project in terms of the speed of fault fixing by predicting the time transition of fixing the OSS faults reported in the future. 2. In “Vulnerability support”, in terms of open source project managers, we create metrics to detect faults with a high fix priority and predicted a long time for fixing. In addition, we try to improve the detection accuracy of the proposed metrics by learning not only the specific version but also the bug report data of the past version by using the random forest considering the characteristic similarities of bugs fix among different versions. This allows the project managers to identify the faults that should be prioritized for fixing when a large number of faults are reported, and facilitates project operations. In “3. Maintenance and quality assurance”, as an optimum maintenance problem, we predict the appropriate OSS version-up timing considering the maintenance effort required by OSS users after upgrading the OSS. It is dangerous in terms of the vulnerability to continue using the specified version of OSS ignoring the End of Life. Therefore, we should upgrade the version periodically. However, the maintenance cost increase with the version upgrade frequently. Then, we find the optimum maintenance time by minimizing the total expected software maintenance effort in terms of OSS users. In particular, we attempt to reflect the progress of open source projects by using the OSS-oriented EVM in deriving the optimal maintenance time. In conclusion, we found that there is the applicability as the stability evaluation of open source projects from three perspectives. Particularly, the OSS-oriented EVM discussed in “1. Selection evaluation and licensing” can contribute to the visualization of maintenance effort in open source projects. The proposed method will potentially contribute to the development of OSS in the future.

塩化ベンザルコニウム（BAC）は点眼防腐剤として広く用いられている。しかしながら、BACを含む点眼薬の長期使用は結膜下組織の線維化を誘発し、緑内障濾過手術後の濾過胞維持を困難にさせる。また、濾過胞を構成するテノン嚢線維芽細胞と角膜上皮細胞は涙液を介して互いに影響しているが、BAC曝露時のこの細胞間の反応については明らかにされていない。本研究で我々は、共培養システムを用いて、BACにより誘導されたヒトテノン線維芽細胞（HTF）の筋線維芽細胞転化に対するヒト角膜上皮（HCE）細胞の影響について、免疫蛍光染色ならびにウェスタンブロットで評価した。HTFのα-smooth muscle actin（αSMA）発現は、BAC添加により亢進し、HCE細胞との共培養により抑制された。HTFの培養上清中のIL-10濃度は、BACにより減少し、HCE細胞との共培養により増加した。また、BACによるHTFのαSMA発現亢進およびmyocardin-related transcription factor–A（MRTF-A）の核内移行は、IL-10添加によって抑制された。これらのことから、角膜上皮細胞は涙液中のIL-10濃度を維持し、HTFのMRTF-Aの核移行の抑制を介して、BACによる濾過胞線維化を軽減させる可能性が示唆された。

方法： 2010年10月から2019年9月までに山口大学医学部附属病院および川崎医科大学附属病院で画像検査を受けられた患者を後ろ向きに検討した。炭酸ガス拡張を用いたCTC直後にDCE-CTを実施した82例をCE-CTC群とした。CE-CTC群と同様のDCE-CTプロトコールで撮像されたCTC非併用のDCE-CTの症例のうち、年齢や性別をマッチさせた77例を対照群とした。CE-CTC群は男性48名、女性34名で年齢は21～85歳（平均60歳）、対照群は男性46名、女性31名で年齢は20～84歳（平均60歳）であった。 CTは多列検出器CT装置（Optima CT660 ProまたはLightSpeed Ultra 16、ともにGE社製）を用いて行った。CE-CTC群では、大腸の拡張は自動低圧炭酸ガス送出装置（HP-2®；堀井薬品工業社製）を用いて行った。 胃、肝臓（右葉、左葉）、膵尾部、門脈（PV）、脾静脈（SpV）、上腸間膜静脈（SMV）、下腸間膜静脈（IMV）のCT値を、それぞれ非造影CTと早期CTで測定した。造影CT値として、非造影CT画像とDCE-CT早期相画像のCT値（Hounsfeld unit値）の差を算出した。これらの測定は、2名の放射線科医がワークステーション（EV InsiteS；PSP社製）で各々行い、各臓器、血管の画像上に円形または楕円形の関心領域（ROI）を設定し、2人の測定した造影CT値の平均を算出した。また、肝偽病変の有無を共同で記録した。肝偽病変は、DCE-CT早期相で、肝左葉内側区の後縁または胆嚢窩の周囲にある高または低吸収領域として定義した。 Mann-Whitney U検定を用いて各臓器と血管ごとの造影CT値を比較した。また、カイ二乗検定を用いてCE-CTC群と対照群の間で肝病変の発症頻度を比較した。 結果： CE-CTC群と対照群の各臓器・血管における造影CT値の平均値の比較は表1のとおりで、CECTC群の肝実質(図1)、PV、SMV・IMV(図2)の造影CT値は、対照群に比べて有意に高かった。一方で、CE-CTC群の胃(図3）、膵尾部、SpVの造影CT値は、対照群に比べて有意に低かった。 肝偽病変は、CE-CTC群の6例（7％）において、肝左葉内側区の後縁（n＝5）または胆嚢窩周囲（n＝1）に低吸収領域として認められた（図4）が、対照群では認められなかった（p＝0.016）。表2は、CE-CTC患者で肝偽病変がある場合とない場合の肝臓の造影CT値を比較した結果で、肝偽病変のあるCE-CTC患者の肝の造影CT値は、肝偽病変のないCE-CTC患者の造影CT値よりも有意に高かった。

（目的）排卵期の黄体形成ホルモン（LH）サージは、顆粒膜細胞（GCs）において、遺伝子発現や細胞機能の急激な変化を引き起こし、黄体化を誘導する。本研究では、黄体化過程のGCsにおける遺伝子発現の経時的変化と、エピジェネティックな遺伝子発現制御機構に着目し、ゲノムワイドに黄体化過程の遺伝子発現と細胞機能変化を明らかにすること、および遺伝子発現制御や細胞機能変化とヒストン修飾H3K4me3変化の関連性を明らかにすることを目的とした。 （方法）幼若雌マウスにeCG-hCG注射による過排卵刺激を行い、hCG投与前、投与後4時間、12時間の時点でGCsを回収し、RNAシークエンスとH3K4me3抗体を用いたChIPシークエンスを行った。 （結果）RNAシークエンスにより、多数の発現変動遺伝子が同定され、遺伝子発現の時間的変化に応じて8つのパターンに分類された。多くの遺伝子は、hCG刺激後4時間で一過性に発現上昇または低下していた。これらの遺伝子群に関連する細胞機能をGene Ontology解析で調べたところ、ステロイド産生、排卵、卵丘細胞複合体の膨化、血管新生、免疫、活性酸素代謝、炎症反応、脂質代謝、オートファジーが同定された。さらに、DNA修復と細胞サイズの増大という2つの機能がこれまでに報告されていない細胞機能として同定された。ChIPシークエンスにより、黄体化過程ではゲノム全域にわたってH3K4me3が急激に変化し、遺伝子発現に関与することが示唆された。mRNA発現データとH3K4me3のデータを統合解析したところ、H3K4me3はステロイド産生、排卵、COCの拡大、血管新生、炎症反応、免疫、活性酸素代謝、脂質・糖代謝、オートファジー、細胞サイズの調節などに関与することが示唆された。 （結論）LHサージ後の黄体化過程にあるGCsにおいて、遺伝子発現はゲノムワイドに変化し、細胞機能が劇的に変化する。H3K4me3の変化は、これらの急激な遺伝子発現制御に関与し、種々の細胞機能を調節することでGCsの黄体化に寄与する可能性が示された。

新規ヒトin vitroおよびex vivo BBBモデル，in vivo モデルを用いて，NMOSDの病態生理とサトラリズマブの作用機序を，BBB破綻の点から検討した．血管内皮細胞に対するペリサイトおよびアストロサイトの足突起の接触を再現した3層共培養系を構築し，これを用いて静的in vitroモデルおよび流速負荷型ex vivoモデルを作製した．これらのBBBモデルを使用し，バリア機能の持続測定，白血球のmigration，NMO-IgGとサトラリズマブのBBB透過性を評価した．In vivo研究では，脊髄中でIL-6が著増するEAEマウスのin vivoでのBBB破綻に対して，マウスIL-6受容体抗体MR16-1が与える効果を評価した．In vitroおよびex vivoでの実験では，NMO-IgGがサトラリズマブおよびNMO-IgGの脳内透過性を亢進させること，サトラリズマブがNMO-IgGが誘導するT細胞のmigrationとBBB破綻を抑制することが示された．In vivo研究では，IL-6シグナル伝達の阻害によって，T細胞の脊髄への浸潤が抑制され，脊髄炎の発症が抑えられた．これらの結果から以下のことが示された．（1）我々が作製した，3層共培養によるin vitroおよびex vivo BBBモデルは，バリア機能，白血球のmigration，脳内移行性を評価するために理想的なBBBモデルである．（2）NMO-IgGは，バリア機能の減弱によってNMO-IgG自身の透過性を亢進し，アストロサイトからのIL-6分泌を誘導し，さらなるバリア機能の障害と細胞浸潤の制御破綻を引き起こす．（3）サトラリズマブは，NMO-IgGの共存下でBBB通過が容易となり，BBB機能障害と炎症細胞浸潤を抑制する結果，NMOSDの発症を予防する．

ラット坐骨神経結紮モデル（SNL）は最も一般的に神経障害性疼痛の実験に用いられるモデルラットであり、運動麻痺を生じないことでも知られている。神経障害性疼痛モデルの疼痛評価にはこれまでフォンフレイテスト（機械的アロディニア評価）と熱刺激回避テストが用いられてきた。しかしこれらのテストは臨床で用いられる神経学的検査とは全く異なる手法での評価である。神経障害性疼痛を有する患者では、両下肢の協調運動が乱れ，歩行時の下肢の動きに左右差を生じていることが多い。本研究において、私達はヒトと同様な疼痛行動や疼痛に伴う歩行障害などが実際には生じているのではないかと考え、三次元歩行解析を行いて本モデルの関節の動きや歩行時の動態解析を行った。今回の解析にはキネマトレーサーシステムを用いた。 機械的アロディニアに関するSNLの効果として術後１週間から８週間にわたり、回避行動閾値の47±6.1％の低下を認めた。ＳNLラットにおける股関節・膝関節・足関節のマーカーの矢状面の軌跡は歩行中に大きな変動を認めた。歩行中の不安定性を示す患側左股関節・膝関節の上下端の高低差は、SNLラットでほうが有意に大きかった。歩行パターンを示す、両足同時接地時間はSNLラットのほうが有意に長い結果であった。左右下肢の協調運動を評価するため、両下肢の歩行周期時間も計測した。歩行周期の左右差を示す左右比は、コントロール群のラットでは1.0±0.08と左右差がほぼないのに比較し、SNLラットでは0.62±0.15と有意に左右下肢の歩行周期が異なることが示唆された。 フォンフレイテストや熱刺激回避テストは臨床現場で使用されることのない疼痛機能評価であるが、こうした新しい三次元歩行動態解析技術を用いることができれば、神経障害性疼痛患者における疼痛行動も、定量的かつ数値化して示すことが可能になる可能性について示すことができた。従来の神経障害性疼痛モデルにおける、疼痛機能評価に関する臨床と実験モデルの大きなかけ離れについての問題点を解決し、将来的にはヒトでの機能評価にも応用できる新しい三次元歩行動態解析技術について報告し、実際のラット坐骨神経結紮モデルでのデータを示した。

オメガ3長鎖多価不飽和脂肪酸(ω-3)は海産魚や魚油に含まれる必須脂肪酸で、抗炎症効果を有することから非感染性ぶどう膜炎の有効な治療になる可能性がある。多くのぶどう膜炎でみられる獲得免疫による炎症反応は、樹状細胞（DC）、マクロファージ、およびBリンパ球を含む抗原提示細胞(APC)による抗原提示から開始され、炎症のトリガーとして重要である。これまでに我々はω-3長鎖多価不飽和脂肪酸（LCPUFA）が、実験的自己免疫性ぶどう膜炎モデル（EAU）の眼炎症を抑制することを示した。今回、ω-3によるEAUの抗炎症効果に対する APCの関与を検討し、その作用機構について解析した。 C57BL/6マウスに等カロリーに調整したω-3もしくはω-6を含有した餌で給餌し、安楽死後に回収した脾臓細胞をマイトマイシンC処理してAPCを調整した。これらをEAU誘導したマウスから単離したCD4陽性T細胞と共培養し、種々の炎症性サイトカインの発現量および3H-チミジン取り込み量を指標とした増殖能を評価した。次にω-3群のAPCをDC、マクロファージ、B細胞を含む残りの細胞群（B細胞他）に分離し、ω-3の炎症作用を担当する細胞を探索した。続いて、ω-3で賦活化したDCによる抗炎症効果を検討するため、ω-3群のDCを単離し、EAUを誘導したマウスにAdoptive transfer(養子細胞移植)し、臨床および組織学的スコアを評価した。最後にω-3がDCに直接作用して抗炎症効果を発揮するか否かを検討した。 C57BL/6由来DCとBALB/c由来CD4陽性T細胞を混合培養して混合リンパ球反応MLR(mixed lymphocyte reaction)を誘導した培養系に、代表的なω-3脂肪酸であるDHAおよびEPAを投与し、T細胞増殖能を評価した。 ω-3群のAPCは、ω-6群に比較してIFN-γ、IL-17の発現量およびT細胞増殖能を有意に低下した。その抗炎症効果はAPCから単離したマクロファージやB細胞他ではみられず、DCのみで保存された。さらに、ω-3群のDCをAdoptive transferしたEAUマウスでは、炎症スコアが有意に低下した。DHA・EPAで賦活化したDCはMLRによるT細胞増殖能を有意に抑制した。 以上より、ω-3の経口摂取によるEAUの眼炎症抑制効果は、APC、特にDCを介在して発揮されることが示された。

Japan's declining birthrate and aging population are difficult to resolve in the short term, and the working-age population, which refers to the population aged 15 to 65, continues to decline. On the other hand, mental illness patients are increasing in the working age population. The medical side, which is responsible for treatment, is required to improve efficiency by reforming the way doctors work. Therefore, expectations are placed on psychotherapy performed at home for the purpose of effective treatment of the working-age population. In this study, neurofeedback, which is one of the psychological therapies, was taken up, and applied equipment development and verification were carried out for its implementation at home. In this study, as a preclinical stage, measures were verified based on measurements of general cooperators. Neurofeedback (NFB) is considered to be one of psychotherapy using electroencephalogram signals, and is a psychotherapy that visualizes one's own electroencephalogram and self-controls the visualized electroencephalogram. It is attracting attention because it is a non-drug therapy and provides neuromodulation. NFB is being investigated for many clinical applications. The target diseases are diverse, including chronic pain, ADHD, depression, and mood disorders. However, we believe that there are four tasks to ensure the effectiveness of this therapy. Task 1 is overcoming the difficulty of installing electroencephalogram electrodes. NFB is considered to be a therapy that affects the plasticity of the cranial nerves, and is a therapy that actively promotes the development of neural networks, and is expected to be highly effective if the training frequency is high. It is necessary to be able to perform it at home, and it is required that electroencephalogram electrodes can be easily installed. Therefore, we made a prototype of an electroencephalogram headset with bipolar gel electrodes, and as a result of trial verification with children, we were able to confirm the electroencephalogram signals of 30 people aged 5 to 20 years old. Analysis of the recorded electroencephalogram revealed an age-dependent left-brain tendency in β waves, etc., confirming consistency with previous findings. Task 2 is determining the brain wave derivation part of the NFB training target. For electroencephalography, lead electrodes are usually placed in the scalp, but it is difficult to place the electrodes in the scalp by yourself. There is a need to consider forehead derivation for easy EEG electrode placement at home. There are regional differences in EEG waveforms within the forehead, and it is necessary to select the most appropriate extraction site. For NFB, we explored the optimal site based on the correlation with the top of the head, which is usually the electroencephalogram derivation position. Next, we performed an EEG network analysis at the time of NFB using the EEG derived from the top of the head and the EEG derived from the optimal forehead region, and analyzed the difference in the brain network during NFB due to the difference in the derivation region. For the second task, we explored the optimal site for deriving brain waves from the forehead, and proved that NFB from the brain waves derived from this site works on the same network as NFB from the brain waves derived from the top of the head. Task 3 is a method of selecting an electroencephalogram frequency band to be derived and self-controlled in NFB therapy (training target electroencephalogram frequency band). In previous studies, the EEG frequencies targeted for NFB therapy are diverse and not standardized. Even for the same disease, various electroencephalogram frequency bands are selected and NFB is performed. A personalized frequency band decision is made according to the patient's pathology and condition. In order to make the frequency band determination method more logical, we thought it necessary to determine the electroencephalogram frequency for therapy from the comparison of the basic rhythms of healthy subjects and patients. In this study, we created an electroencephalogram basic rhythm evaluation program and collected electroencephalogram basic rhythm data from randomly selected subjects. The electroencephalogram basic rhythm evaluation program consists of 7 stages. Eyes open stage, Eyes closed stage, 0Back stage, Rest1 stage, 2Back stage, Rest2 stage, Healing Picture stage. Changes in brain waves occur due to external stimuli such as eye opening and eye closing, concentration, and relaxation. An electroencephalogram basic rhythm evaluation program was created considering multiple stimuli that affect electroencephalogram dynamics. The usefulness of this program was confirmed as a preliminary examination of the dominant fluctuation region and network analysis by topographic analysis during the execution of the electroencephalogram basic rhythm evaluation program. EEG basic rhythm brain standard program electroencephalogram measurements were carried out for 89 subjects recruited from the general public, and a database was created. Using the forehead optimally measured parts (left and right) obtained in Task 2 as electroencephalogram derivation parts, a significant difference test was performed for each electroencephalogram frequency band Power value and content rate of each stage of the electroencephalogram basic rhythm evaluation program. The α Power value increased 2.52 times when the eyes were closed, and the θ Power value increased 1.67 times during 2 Back compared to 0 Back. We examined the possibility of clinical application by analyzing the correlation between the score of the questionnaire used in clinical diagnosis and the electroencephalogram component. The questionnaires used were mainly CSI (CENTRAL SENSITIZATION INVENTORY), and POMS2 (Profile of Mood States 2). Task 4 is NFB scoring. Continuation of psychotherapy requires a score as a reward to be visualized. We compared the two scores, the time ratio score and the amplitude ratio score, analyzed the correlation between the questionnaire used in task 3 and the two scores, and examined the optimal score. In results, the frequency band that correlates better with psychological activity during NFB was suggested SMR. Some of the psychological scales included the data probably above the general average level, which might have provided hypotheses at the preclinical stage. 4 tasks were conducted to demonstrate the technical requirements and effectiveness evaluation for the practical application of cognitive psychological training NFB, which is expected to be used with high frequency at home for children to working-age adults. The technological requirements and effectiveness evaluation for the practical application of NFB are presented. This research attempted four tasks and realized the possibility of frequent NFB training at home for patients from children to productive age. As a preclinical stage, it was a study within a range that can be resolved as a stage of policy verification based on the general participant study. In the future, the efficacy of this study will be further evaluated by comparing it with clinical data in the area of mental illness such as depression and developmental disorders, including chronic pain. In the future, the effectiveness of this study will be further evaluated by comparison with clinical data in the area of chronic pain and other mental illnesses such as depression and developmental disorders.

自動車事故に際しシートベルトに沿って生じる帯状の皮下出血斑はシートベルト兆候（seat belt sign：SBS）と呼ばれている。特に腹部SBS が上前腸骨棘（anterior superior iliac spine：ASIS）よりも上方に位置する場合、腹部臓器損傷の危険性が高い。本研究の目的は、腹部SBS 位置に関連するシートベルト腹部部分（ラップベルト）の位置に影響を与える因子について解析することである。本研究は、健康な成人100名（男性50名、女性50名）の身体所見と、カーシート座位時のラップベルト位置との関係を前向きに検討したものである。身体所見は、年齢、身長、Body Mass Index（BMI）、腹囲を測定した。それぞれ平均年齢37.9歳、平均身長164.9cm、平均BMI 23.9kg/m2、平均腹囲83.4cmであった。X線学的所見は、腰椎前弯（lumbar lordosis：LL）、仙骨傾斜（sacral slope：SS）を測定し、ラップベルト位置は運転席側のラップベルトの中央とASIS相当の位置に鉛テープでマーキングすることで計測した。側面X線撮影を行い、ASISから中央マーカーまでの水平距離（X値）、垂直距離（Z値）を計測した。ラップベルト角度は、2つのマーカーの上端を結ぶ直線と水平線とのなす角度を計測することで求めた。これらの身体所見とX線学的所見との関係を統計学的に解析した。X値とZ値は体重（X値r = 0.73、Z値r = 0.56）、BMI（X値r = 0.77、Z値r = 0.56）、腹囲（X値r = 0.74、Z値r = 0.52）と正の相関があり、ラップベルト角度は体重（r = -0.33）、BMI（r = -0.35）、腹囲（r = -0.37）と負の相関があった。これらの結果からは、BMIの高い乗員ではラップベルトがASISより高い位置にあるため、シートベルト損傷を引き起こす可能性が高い。この解析は、より安全なシートベルトの開発に役立つと思われる。

Since social infrastructure, which was intensively developed during the high economic growth period,will deteriorate all at once in the future, maintenance and management of facilities will be an issue in thefuture. Currently, facility inspection records are based on paperbased forms, and are not premised onautomatic processing by computer. The authors have developed the “Smart Chosa” and realized a databaseof facility inspections and a GIS System. The Smart Chosa was able to record the location of the inspectionphoto on a two dimensional map, but because it was necessary to approach the deformed part when takingthe inspection photo, it was not possible to grasp the position, direction, and size of the entire facility.Therefore, we applied 3D GIS to Smart Chosa for sabo dams, created a 3D model from photographs takenon site, and conducted research to manage inspection results on the 3D model. This study summarizes the results of research on management of inspection photographs on a 3D GISin order to improve the efficiency of management of inspection photographs of sabo facilities. This thesisconsists of 6 chapters, and the main content of each chapter is as follow. [Chapter 1: Introduction] In this chapter, the current status and issues of the maintenance and management of socialinfrastructure in Japan were summarized. Utilization of 3D models for maintenance and management ofcivil engineering facilities, high-precision positioning used for alignment of 3D models, efficientinspection of concrete structures, and existing research trends on iPhone LiDAR applications wereorganized. On that basis, the purpose and points of focus of this research were organized, and the structureand outline of this paper were described. [Chapter 2: Comparison of 3D models and examination of application to sabo facilities maintenance management system] In this chapter, three types of models, a BIM/CIM model, a 3D point cloud model, and a 3D surfacemodel, are compared and examined as 3D models to be applied to the maintenance management system.The problem setting in this chapter is the selection of a 3D model to be used in this system. The constraintis that the Sabo dams including the existing dam can be modeled in 3D. At present, there are few BIM/CIMmodels for sabo dams, so when applying to existing sabo dams, we believe that a 3D surface model thatcan be created by SfM/MVS technology from photographs taken by UAVs will be useful. The 3D modelin the research was a 3D surface model. Knowledge about the 3D model that can be applied to the sabo facility maintenance managementsystem and knowledge for utilizing the 3D model in the 3D GIS were obtained. [Chapter 3: Performance evaluation of RTK receiver used for Sabo facility investigation support system] In this chapter, a survey of high-precision positioning technology necessary for positioning 3D modelsof sabo dams and inspection photos on a 3D GIS, and evaluation of positioning performance in sabo damsand surrounding forests are conducted. The problem setting in this chapter is whether or not locationinformation can be acquired during surveys of Sabo facilities, and accuracy verification. The constraintis that real-time high-precision positioning is required using inexpensive and small devices inenvironments that are unfavorable for satellite positioning (such as sabo dams and forests). It was confirmed that the multi-band receiver whose performance was evaluated has a horizontalvariation of 22 mm (2DRMS) even in a poor environment where about 70% of the sky directly below thesabo dam is covered. It was confirmed that the method can be applied to aligning 3D models ofphotographs. [Chapter 4: Investigation of image synthesis for creation of sabo dams inspection image] In this chapter, as a basic examination of 3D model creation, the image synthesis method is organized.The problem setting in this chapter is normalization and image combination necessary for synthesizinginspection photographs (2D). The constraint is that the inspection photography equipment is a smartphonefor field survey. In the feature point detection method for image synthesis, we compared two types offeature amounts, SIFT feature amount and AKAZE feature amount, and confirmed the accuracy byexperiments. In addition, RANSAC was used as an outlier removal method. By combining these methods,we performed image synthesis using multiple photographs of the concrete surface of the sabo dam. [Chapter 5: 3D model creation by SfM/MVS and application to 3D GIS] The problem setting in this chapter is a superimposed display of a 3D Sabo dam model and inspectionphotographs. The constraint is that the equipment that can be used to create a 3D model of inspectionphotographs is limited to equipment (compact and lightweight) that can be brought by local workers. Inthis chapter, we first present an overview of the "smart chosa" system that expands the scope of applicationfrom 2D to 3D in this research. After that, we investigated SfM/MVS processing to create a 3D surfacemodel. By creating a 3D model of the sabo dam and a 3D model of inspection photos by SfM/MVSprocessing, and importing them into a 3D GIS, we succeeded in superimposing the sabo dam andinspection photos on a 3D map. In addition, we examined a method of creating a 3D surface model using the iPhone LiDARapplication that can perform 3D measurement using the LiDAR function installed from iPhone12Pro. Wecompared the 3D model created with the iPhone LiDAR app and the 3D model created using MetaShape,a software that implements SfM/MVS processing, and confirmed the image resolution and positionalaccuracy for use as inspection photographs. In order to incorporate the created 3D model into 3D GISsoftware, we examined a method for matching the orientation and position, and actually superimposedthe 3D model of the sabo dam and the 3D model of the inspection photograph on the 3D GIS. I haveconfirmed that it is possible. [Chapter 6: Summary] In this chapter, a summary of the results obtained in Chapters 2 to 5 and future issues were discussed. The result of this research is a visualization method that makes it easy for people other than fieldinvestigators to understand the situation of the site by importing 3D surface models acquired by variousmethods into 3D GIS. 3D surface models include SfM models created from photos taken with aUAV/smartphone, SfM models created from photos taken with a handheld RTK rover, and 3D modelscreated with the iPhone LiDAR app. By using this method, it is possible to grasp the deformation position and deformation direction of thesabo dam in 3D space, and by superimposing the photographs of each inspection, it is possible to graspthe change over time.

近年、イヌ・ネコ・フェレットといった様々な動物が愛玩動物として飼育されており、ヒトと同様に多様な感染症に罹ることが知られている。愛玩動物における感染症の治療法や診断法を確立することはOne Healthの観点でも重要で、ヒトの健康の維持に直結するような公衆衛生上重要な課題である。ネコヘルペスウイルス1（FHV-1）は猫ウイルス性鼻気管炎の原因となるヘルペスウイルスとして知られ、上部呼吸器症状や流産などを引き起こす。インフルエンザAウイルス（IAV）は人において呼吸器症状を引き起こす季節性のウイルスとして知られ、イヌ・ネコ・ブタといった様々な動物に感染することが知られている。季節性のIAV以外にも、動物の体内で生まれる遺伝子再集合体のパンデミックも問題となる。本研究では、愛玩動物に感染が認められる上記の2種類のウイルスを解析し、FHV-1の新規治療薬の提案とIAVの診断法の確立を目的とし、全2章で構成された。

Many infrastructures constructed in the period of high economic growth are currently deteriorated and need renewal / repair. Considering the future situation, new-build infrastructures should be more durable, so the use of high-strength materials capable of reducing maintenance and management costs is preferable. A suitable construction material for the future situation is an ultra-high-strength fiber-reinforced concrete (UFC). General UFCs are cured under high temperature (at 90℃ for 48 hours). Most UFC members are often made in precast-concrete factories with dedicated curing facilities. A UFC manufacturable at general ready-mixed concrete plants has been required for various constructions using cast-in-placed concrete. The study focused on the mixture design and the manufacturing method of UFC without heat-curing. The targeted strength of the UFC was 200 N/mm^2 at the concrete age of 28 days. To achieve the required performance for UFC, the experimental study was designed and conducted. The thesis consists of seven chapters, and the content of each chapter is as follows: Chapter 1 "Introduction" shows the social concern in Japan, such as the present conditions of infrastructures. In addition, the chapter summarizes the transition of high strength concrete and fiber-reinforced concrete. The research background and the purpose of this study are described in this chapter. Chapter 2 "Previous studies" shows the review of previous studies dealing with investigations on UFC. In addition, the chapter clarifies the problem of UFC manufacturing by referring to the previous studies. Chapter 3 "Mixture design", the materials and mixture proportions required for the UHPC manufacturable under ambient temperature conditions were investigated. Five types of cement and four types of powder materials were tested, as well as the fine aggregate needed to achieve proper fluidity, fiber dispersibility and strength. To achieve the appropriate flowability and adequate strength, the cement having low C_3A and high C_3S was suitable for the UHPC manufacturable at ambient temperatures. Furthermore, the mortar with W/B of 21% achieved 200 N/mm^2 at 28 days, so it can be designed as the maximum W/B for the UFC. The test result confirmed that allowable fine aggregate volume was lower than 600 kg/m^3 to obtain proper dispersion of steel fibers. Chapter 4 "Material properties and durability of hardened UFC", the hardening material properties and durability of the UFC designed in Chapter 2 were examined. The result confirmed that the UFC achieved 196 N/mm^2 at the age of 28 days. The UFC exhibited an excellent cracking strength and tensile strength which were almost equivalent strength of the conventional UFC. In addition, the UFC indicated excellent resistances to various degradation effects, such as neutralization, freezing and thawing, permeability of chloride ions, and sulfate attack. On the other hand, the UFC had low resistance to sulfuric acid and large autogenous shrinkage strain. The properties should be considered in the application of prestressed concrete owing to the loss of prestress. Chapter 5 "Manufacturing method in RMC plant" reports the manufacturing methods at the ready-mixed concrete (RMC) plant. The result confirmed that UFC can be manufactured at a general RMC plant, the equipment although mixing time varies owing to the mixer capacity. In addition, the mixing methods of steel fibers were compared. Owing to the high viscosity of the UFC, undischarged UFC from the truck was approximately 190 L, which was extremely higher than ordinary concrete (80 L). The compressive strength of UFC using several types of fine aggregate were examined. The result suggested that the evaluation of the properties of fine aggregates in the UFC is necessary for the practical use. Chapter 6 "Practical applications of UFC" verifies the applicability of UFC of at sites. The result confirmed that the mixing-load increased in proportion to the mixing volume, the maximum mixing volume was identified as 80% of the capacity of mixer. The results showed that the UFC made in a RMC plant indicated stable fresh and strength properties for a few months. Furthermore, the production of UFC with onboard mixers was tested. The result confirmed that the method reduced the material-loss during transportation. The surface-finish of UFC was also evaluated by comparing the results obtained from a soil hardness tester. Moreover, the heat curing conditions of UFC were investigated. The result confirmed that the highest temperature and the curing time for the heat curing were lower and shorter than the standard heat curing (at 90℃ for 48 hours), respectively. Chapter 7 "Conclusions" presents the remarkable conclusions in this study and further research for the practical application of the UFC.