Xanthine oxidase is one of the major sources of superoxide anion radicals in blood after reperfusion in rats with forebrain ischemia/reperfusion

Creators Ono Takeru

Creators Tsuruta Ryosuke

Creators Fujita Motoki

Creators Shinagawa Aki Hiromi

Creators Kutsuna Satoshi

Creators Kawamura Yoshikatsu

Creators Wakatsuki Jun

Creators Aoki Tetsuya

Creators Kobayashi Chihiro

Creators Kasaoka Shunji

Creators Maruyama Ikuro

Creators Yuasa Makoto

Creators Maekawa Tsuyoshi

We recently reported that excessive superoxide anion radical (O_2–•) was generated in the jugular vein during reperfusion in rats with forebrain ischemia-reperfusion using a novel electrochemical sensor and excessive O_2–• generation was associated with oxidative stress, early inflammation, and endothelial injury. However, the source of O_2–• was still unclear. Therefore, we used allopurinol, a potent inhibitor of xanthine oxidase (XO), to clarify the source of O_2–• generated in rats with forebrain ischemia-reperfusion. The increased O_2–• current and the quantified partial value of electricity (Q), which was calculated by the integration of the current, were significantly attenuated after reperfusion by pretreatment with allopurinol. Malondialdehyde (MDA) in the brain and plasma, High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in plasma, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the brain and plasma were significantly attenuated in rats pretreated with allopurinol with dose-dependency in comparison to those in control rats. There were significant correlations between total Q and MDA, HMGB, or ICAM-1 in the brain and plasma. Allopurinol pretreatment suppressed O_2–• generation in the brain-perfused blood in the jugular vein, and oxidative stress, early inflammation, and endothelial injury in the acute phase of forebrain ischemia-reperfusion. Thus, XO is one of the major sources of O_2–• in blood after reperfusion in rats with forebrain ischemia-reperfusion.

Copyright c2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.()

[ISSN]0006-8993

[NCID]AA0057324X

[PMID]info:pmid/19781528

info:doi/10.1016/j.brainres.2009.09.061

[isVersionOf] [URI]http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00068993