Shadow education defined

Shadow Education is a misunderstood form of education that is pervasive throughout Asia and is found all over the world. It should be no surprise that shadow education is misunderstood, due to the wide variety of names used to describe or define it.In this article, terminology will be discussed and further defined with the objective of assisting further research into this important, yet neglected form of education. Reasons why the terminology matters are also discussed.

Shadow education

private tuition

supplementary education

gakushuu juku

ibshi hagwon